Izingxenye eziyinhloko zomshini wokubumba igalelo uhlelo lokuphakelayo kanye ne-extrusion, i-die head, isikhunta kanye ne-clamp, uhlelo lokufutha, amasekhethi okupholisa, amadrayivu nezilawuli, kanye nemishini yokususa ingxenye. Ukuhlelwa kwabo kuncike kwinqubo yokubumba kanye nokucushwa komshini. Ngokubumba igalelo le-extrusion, khomba ingxenye ngayinye ngomsebenzi wayo nokuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokucabangela ukumiselela.
Ukuze uhlonze ingxenye, thola umhlangano wayo, uqinisekise umsebenzi wayo futhi uqoqe ulwazi olufanele lwezobuchwepheshe. Isithombe noma igama elijwayelekile alivamile ukucacisa ukuthi izingxenye ezimbili ezishintshayo zizosebenza emshinini ofanayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa okune kuvimbela ukuxubana okubizayo
- Ikhanda lokufa lakha ishubhu lepulasitiki; isikhunta sokushaya sakha ingaphandle lesiqukathi.
- Iphinikhodi noma i-mandrel ibumba indlela yokuncibilika. Iphinikhodi yokuphefumula iletha umoya futhi ingase yenze imisebenzi ehlobene nentamo.
- Umyalo wesilawuli, indawo ye-actuator kanye nodonga lwebhodlela elilinganisiwe kuyizingxenye ezihlukene zobufakazi.
- Ukufanisa igama lengxenye kumane kuyisiqalo sokuhlonza ingxenye esikhundleni.
Khomba uhlobo lomshini ngaphambi kokuqamba izingxenye zawo
Qinisekisa inqubo kusuka ekukhombeni komshini kanye nemibhalo yezobuchwepheshe. I-extrusion blow molding, i-injection blow blowing kanye ne-stretch blow molding yenza imikhiqizo engenalutho ngamalungiselelo amathuluzi ahlukene. Uhlu lwezingxenye ezihlanganisa zonke ezintathu lungathumela umthengi efuna ihadiwe umshini ofakiwe ongawusebenzisi.
Ekubumbeni i-extrusion blow, noma i-EBM, i-extruder inikezela nge-polymer encibilikisiwe ekhanda elifayo. Ikhanda lakha ishubhu elingenalutho elibizwa ngokuthi i-parison, isikhunta esilithatha bese silivuthela. I-Kinggle'sshayela umshini wokubumba umhlahlandlelaichaza izigaba zenqubo futhi ihlonze ukubunjwa kwe-extrusion blowing njengokugxila kwemishini yayo.
Umshini wokubumba igalelo lomjovo esikhundleni salokho wenza i-preform ezungeze i-core rod ngaphambi kokuyidlulisela esigabeni sokufutha. Uhlelo lwe-PET stretch-blow lusebenzisa i-preform kanye nokusebenza okunwebekayo. Lokho kwehluka kunendaba lapho kuhlonzwa ukusebenzisa ithuluzi: i-IBM core-rod kanye ne-PET stretch rod akufanele kuvele ohlwini lwezingxenye eziyisipele ze-EBM.
Gcina imihlangano emikhulu, izingxenye kanye nezinto zokucubungula ngokwehlukana
Igama elithi "izingxenye zokubumba eziqhumayo" lingasho izingxenye zomshini noma imikhiqizo yepulasitiki eyenziwe inqubo. Yisho ukuthi iyiphi incazelo esebenzayo. Isonto liwupulasitiki ocutshungulwayo, hhayi ingxenye yomshini eshintshwayo. Umgodi uyisici sesikhunta. I-die head iyinhlangano equkethe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezinobunikazi bazo.
Sebenzisa i-hierarchy yomhlangano lapho ucela usizo: umshini, uhlelo, ukuhlanganisa, bese kuba ingxenye ngayinye. Isibonelo, "ikhanda le-extrusion, ukuhlanganiswa kwamathuluzi, i-mandrel" iwusizo kakhulu kunokuthi "iphini lekhanda." Engeza ireferensi yomdwebo noma inombolo yengxenye yokuqala noma nini lapho itholakala. Lokhu kunikeza umphakeli indawo yokuqala ngaphandle kokuthembela esiteketisoni sendawo.
| Iqembu lengxenye | Umsebenzi | Ubufakazi bokuhlonza obuwusizo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuphakela kanye extrusion | Hambisa, hambisa, ncibilikisa futhi uhlanganise i-resin | Umdwebo we-extruder, ukucaciswa kwesikulufu/umgqomo, ipuleti lemoto |
| I-Die head and parison tooling | Sabalalisa ncibilika futhi wenze ithubhu | Imodeli yekhanda, umdwebo wamathuluzi, ukubuyekezwa komhlangano |
| Parison control | Izinguquko zomyalo ekuvuleni kwamathuluzi | Inguqulo yesilawuli, i-actuator kanye nokuhlonza impendulo |
| Isikhunta kanye ne-clamp | Thatha isonto, ubambe ithuluzi bese uchaza umumo wangaphandle | I-Mold ID, umdwebo wesixhumi esibonakalayo, ireferensi yokuhlanganisa i-clamp |
| Ukufutha nokupholisa | Gcoba i-parson bese ususa ukushisa | Umdwebo wethuluzi lokushaya, isekhethi yomoya kanye nemephu yesekhethi yokupholisa |
| Shayela futhi ulawule | Amandla, ukulandelana nokuqapha imisebenzi | I-Schematics, amapuleti edivayisi, isofthiwe nezinguqulo zepharamitha |
| Ukukhipha nokuqeda | Susa futhi, lapho kuhlanganisiwe, uqedele umkhiqizo | Umdwebo we-Gripper/fixture kanye nokucushwa komugqa okugunyaziwe |
Yondla futhi uncibilikise i-resin: i-hopper, isikulufu, umgqomo kanye nokushayela
Indlela yokuphakelayo iqala ngaphambi kwesikulufu
I-hopper inikezela ngempahla engxenyeni ye-extruder feed. Iphrojekthi ingase futhi ihlanganise izilayishi, izixube, okokusebenza kokudosa noma ukubuyisela kabusha. Phatha lezo njengezinto ezikhonjwayo ezinezixhumanisi ezihlukene. Ukuba khona kwe-hopper akufakazeli ukuthi ukudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo, ukomisa noma ukuxutshwa kufakiwe ekuhlinzekeni komshini.
Uma okukhiphayo kuba okungajwayelekile, rekhoda ibanga le-resin, inkatho, hlanganisa kanye nokuziphatha kokuphakelayo ngaphambi kokusola isikulufu. Ukuvinjelwa noma ukuphazamiseka ekunikezeni indaba kungase kuthinte lokho okufinyelela ekhanda. Ithimba elilungisayo lidinga ukubhekwa okuhambisana nokusebenza kwangempela, hhayi nje isicelo se-extruder enkulu.
Isikulufu, umgqomo kanye nesistimu yokushisa yenza imisebenzi ehlukene
Isikulufu esijikelezayo sidlulisa futhi sisebenze inhlaka ngaphakathi kombhobho. Izindawo zokushisisa zengeza ukushisa ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa, kuyilapho inqubo iphinde ithuthukise ukushisa ngomsebenzi wemishini. Izinzwa lokushisa lokushisa zinikeza impendulo ezindaweni zazo ezifakiwe. Ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa elibonisiwe lendawo yomgqomo akusona isilinganiso esiqondile sazo zonke izingxenye zokuncibilika okugelezayo.
Gcina i-heater nezinzwa zihlukene. I-alamu yezinga lokushisa eliphansi ingabandakanya ukujikeleza kwamandla, i-heater, idivayisi yempendulo, izintambo noma ukusetha ukulawula. Ukushintsha i-heater ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa iphutha kungashiya inkinga yokuqala ingaxazululiwe. Sebenzisa umdwebo wezintambo wangempela kanye nokuxilongwa kukagesi okufanelekayo kunokumelana nendawo yonke noma umkhawulo wezinga lokushisa.
Idrayivu kufanele ifane ngaphezu kwesilinganiso samandla
Injini, i-gearbox kanye ne-coupling kudlulisa ukunyakaza kusikulufu. Ukuxhumana kwabo ngomshini kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kungokwenhlangano efakiwe. Injini enamandla alinganiselwe afanayo ayikona ukumiselela okulungile ngokuzenzekelayo, futhi isikulufu esinobukhulu obufanayo obufanayo singase sibe nejiyomethri ehlukile noma imininingwane yokuxhuma.
Ngombuzo wesikulufu noma umgqomo, hlinzeka ngomdwebo wangempela, inombolo ye-serial yomshini kanye nesicelo esibalulekile. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nokushayela, faka amapuleti e-motor nama-gearbox aphelele kanye nereferensi yomhlangano efanele. Londoloza umumo wokuqala kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana ezithombeni ezithathwe endaweni ephephile. Lawa marekhodi asiza ukuhlukanisa into ehlulekile kusukela ekuhlanganiseni okukhulu okuzungezile.
Yakha isonto: i-die head, i-die tooling kanye nokulawula ukushuba odongeni
Ikhanda le-die lithola ukuncibilika kusuka ku-extruder bese liyisabalalisa ekusetshenzisweni kwamathuluzi. I-die ne-mandrel, ngezinye izikhathi ichazwa ngokuthi iphini lokufa noma ithuluzi eliyinhloko, ichaza i-annular passage eyenza ithubhu. Amagama asetshenziswayo ayahlukahluka ngesakhiwo sekhanda, ngakho-ke ingxenye eqanjwe igama kufanele ixhumeke njalo kumdwebo.
I-blow mold yenza umsebenzi ohlukile. Ivala igceke elishisayo bese ichaza ingaphandle lesiqukathi njengoba umoya unweba ipulasitiki ngokumelene nomgodi. Uku-oda "ikhanda lesikhunta esisha" ngaphandle kokukhomba ukuthi inkinga ithinta ikhanda le-extrusion, ithuluzi le-outlet noma isikhunta esiqhumayo kudala ukungaqondakali okungagwemeka.
Amakhanda aqhubekayo kanye nama-accumulator anezindlela ezihlukile zezinto
Ukuhlelwa kwe-extrusion okuqhubekayo kwakha i-parison kusukela ekunikezeni okuncibilikayo okuqhubekayo. Ikhanda le-accumulator ligcina inani lokuncibilika futhi liyikhiphe phakathi nomjikelezo. Imisebenzi eyengeziwe yokugcina nokukhipha ishintsha umhlangano wekhanda kanye nezilawuli zayo. I-accumulator encibilikayo nayo ihlukile kune-hydraulic accumulator egcina amandla kusekethi yamandla oketshezi.
Khomba i-architecture yamakhanda ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa ama-seal, okokusebenza, izifudumezi noma ama-actuator. Ukufanisa i-diameter ye-outlet kukodwa akusho ukuthi ukuhlangana okuzungezile, ukunyakaza noma ukulawula kuyahambisana.
Isilawuli siyingxenye eyodwa kuphela yokulawula ukujiya kodonga
Isistimu yokulawula isonto ixhumanisa iphrofayela ehleliwe nokunyakaza kwamathuluzi ngesilawuli, i-actuator nokuhlelwa kwempendulo. I-Moog'sUhlolojikelele lwengxenye yokubumbaichaza abalawuli, ama-actuator kanye nezingxenye ze-servo njengezakhi ezihlukene zezixazululo zayo. Le mindeni yezingxenye inemisebenzi ehlukene ngaphakathi kohlelo lokulawula nokunyakaza.
Okushiwo okusebenzayo kulula: isikrini esingena esikhundleni noma isilawuli asikwazi ukukhethwa ngaphandle kwe-actuator, impendulo kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo somshini. Uhlolojikelele lukaMoog luchaza imindeni yezingxenye; ayibonisi ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi efakwe emshinini othile we-Kinggle.
Indawo yamathuluzi kanye nokuqina kodonga lokugcina nakho kufanele kuhlale kuhlukene. Udonga lwamabhodlela lusancike ekuziphatheni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ingxenye yejometri nezimo zenqubo. Qinisekisa ingxenye ebunjiwe esikhundleni sokuphatha iphrofayela ebonisiwe njengombiko wokulinganisa udonga. Iumhlahlandlela wokuhlela wesontoixhuma izinguquko zephrofayela nezindawo zomkhiqizo ezilinganisiwe.
Dala futhi ukhulule ingxenye: isikhunta, i-clamp, uhlelo lokushaya kanye nokukhipha
Isikhunta sokushaya kanye neyunithi yokubopha kufanele kukhonjwe ngokwehlukana. Isikhunta siyithuluzi eliqondene nomkhiqizo othile. I-clamping assembly isekela futhi inyakaze lelo thuluzi futhi ilibambe livaliwe phakathi nezigaba ezidingekayo. Amapuleti, imihlahlandlela, amasilinda nanoma iyiphi indlela yenqola kungobokucushwa komshini, hhayi ngokuzenzakalelayo ekuthengeni isikhunta.
Ngemibuzo yokumiselela, isithombe se-cavity singakhomba umkhiqizo kodwa siveze okuncane mayelana nesixhumi esibonakalayo esinyukayo. Faka i-ID yethuluzi kanye nomshini ofanele noma umdwebo wesikhunta. Iextrusion blow molding isikhunta umhlahlandlela designichaza ukuthi kungani umgodi, ukuncinza, ukupholisa, isixhumi esibonakalayo esivunguzayo kanye nendlela yokususa kumele kusebenze ndawonye.
Iphinikhodi ayilona iphini lokufa
Iphinikhodi yokufa noma i-mandrel ingeyethuluzi lokuncibilikisa lokwakha. I-blow pin ingeyokulethwa komoya futhi, kokunye ukulungiselelwa, ukwakheka kwentamo noma ukuhlelwa kokulinganisa. Zombili zingabizwa ngokuthi "iphinikhodi" phansi esitolo, kodwa zenza imisebenzi ehlukene futhi zinezindawo zokusebenzelana ezihlukile.
Eminye imikhiqizo isebenzisa ilungiselelo elihlukile lokuphefumula, okuhlanganisa ukuvuthela phansi. Unga-ode i-blow pin kwivolumu yebhodlela kuphela. Ukuqedwa komkhiqizo, ijiyomethri yamathuluzi, ukukhwezwa, ukunyakaza nokuxhuma komoya kufanele kufane nomklamo ogunyaziwe. Imisebenzi eqondile yephinikhodi noma inhlanganisela yokufutha incike kulowo mklamo.
Ukususwa kwengxenye kudlulela ngalé kokuvula isikhunta
Uhlelo lokususa kufanele lukhiphe umkhiqizo owenziwe ngaphandle komonakalo noma ukuphazamiseka okungamukelekile. Kuye ngephrojekthi, ukususwa kungase kuhlanganise into yokubamba, irobhothi, enye indlela yokubamba noma umsebenzi ochazwe ngesandla. Ukususwa kweflashi, ukubhoboza isibambo, ukuhlola ukuvuza nokudlulisa kungase kube izinto ezihlukene.
Lowo mngcele ubalulekile uma ingxenye ifika emshinini olandelayo ngokungalungile. Ukumaka noma ukuguqulwa kungenzeka ngemuva kokuvula isikhunta. Rekhoda lapho ivela khona okokuqala, yisiphi isiteshi noma umgodi oyikhiqizile, nokuthi yayikhona yini ngaphambi kokuphathwa. Ungahloli ukuguga kwesikhunta esibi esiye sahlolwa kuphela ngemva kokusikwa nokuhanjiswa.
Qinisekisa isikophu esi-odiwe sokuthatha nokuqeda ngaphambi kokucela ukushintshwa kweminwe, okokulungisa noma izinzwa. Iumshini ozenzakalelayo kanye nomhlahlandlela womugqa opheleleihlukanisa imisebenzi yomshini kusukela ekuhlinzekeni okwehla nomfula. Ukuzenzakalela kufanele kukhonjwe ngokucushwa kwangempela, hhayi kuthathwe egameni elithi "okuzenzakalelayo."
Sekela umjikelezo: ama-hydraulics, ukupholisa, izinzwa nezilawuli
Amasekhethi Amandla noketshezi
Emshinini we-hydraulic, injini kanye nepompo kunikeza amandla we-hydraulic. Amavalvu aqondisa noma alawule ukugeleza, futhi ama-actuator akhiqiza ukunyakaza. Iphampu kawoyela eqhutshwa yi-servo ihlala iyingxenye yesistimu ye-hydraulic. Ukuwubiza ngokuthi injini kagesi akuwenzi wonke umshini ube ngogesi.
Uhlelo lomoya lusekela imisebenzi eshiwo ye-pneumatic neyokuvunguza. Izilawuli, ama-valve, izihlungi, amashubhu kanye nethuluzi elifuthayo zinemisebenzi ehlukene. Uxhumano olubukeka lulungile lusadinga ukufana nezidingo zalo zesekethe. Khomba izingxenye ze-hydraulic ne-pneumatic kusuka kukhodi yedivayisi eyisikimu nephelele, hhayi nje usayizi womzimba noma ukubukeka kwembobo.
Ukupholisa kunemithwalo eminingana ehlukene
Isikhunta sidinga ukususwa kokushisa, futhi umshini ungase ube nemithwalo eyengeziwe yokupholisa efana nowoyela we-hydraulic noma amanye amasekhethi acacisiwe. I-chiller, umbhoshongo noma uhlelo lwamanzi lwesitshalo lungahlala ngaphandle kokunikezwa komshini. Mepha umngcele wesibopho ngaphambi kokuphatha impahla yezitshalo engekho njengengxenye yomshini engekho.
Ukufundwa okuvamile endaweni okuphakelwa kuyo amanzi akufakazeli ukuthi wonke amagatsha esikhunta asakazwa ngokwanele. Ubunikazi besifunda kanye nokubonwa kokusebenza kwangempela kuwusizo kakhulu kunokuqagela komugqa owodwa obanzi. Iumhlahlandlela wezidingo zosizoichaza indlela yokugcina umshini, isikhunta kanye nezidingo eziyisizayo zihlukile.
I-HMI, i-PLC namadivayisi empendulo awashintsheki
I-HMI iyisixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi. I-PLC isebenzisa ingqondo yokulawula yomshini, kuyilapho amadivaysi ensimu ahlinzeka ngamasignali futhi enze imiyalo. Umlayezo ku-HMI ukhomba isimo esibikiwe; akusho, ngokwako, ukuthi isikrini sinephutha noma ukuthi idivayisi ebonisiwe yehlulekile.
Londoloza i-alamu, isinyathelo somjikelezo kanye nokubona okufanelekile ngaphambi kokusula noma ukushintsha noma yini. Sebenzisa i-Izilungiselelo ze-HMI neziqondiso zama-alamuukuhlela lelo rekhodi. Isilawuli, idrayivu noma ukushintshwa kwempendulo kungase futhi kudinge uhlelo olufanele, imingcele nokulinganisa.
Amadivayisi ahlobene nokuphepha adinga ukushintshwa kwawo okucacisiwe kanye nenqubo yokuqinisekisa. E-United States,Isiqondiso samandla ayingozi se-OSHAibhekana nezingozi zokusevisa ezivela ekunikezeni amandla okungalindelekile noma amandla agciniwe. Landela inqubo yesayithi eqondene nomshini ngokusebenzisa abasebenzi abagunyaziwe. Asikho isitobhi se-HMI noma umhlahlandlela wezingxenye ezijwayelekile osungula ukufinyelela okuphephile.
Bona ukuthi izingxenye zihluke kanjani emishinini eqhubekayo ye-Kinggle ne-accumulator
Izibonelo zenkundla zangempela zenza imephu yengxenye ibe usizo kakhulu. I-Kinggle'sIkhasi lomkhiqizo we-KGB5Lichaza umshini oqhubekayo wesiteshi esisodwa onendlela yokuhumusha yokuguqula isikhunta. Ithebula layo libala isikulufu esingu-60 mm futhi iMitsubishi PLC iqanjwe encazelweni yesici.
IIkhasi le-KGB100B 120Lesikhundleni salokho ichaza inkundla ye-accumulator-head. Ibala isikulufu esingu-100 mm futhi ichaza ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic servo, ukukhiya isikhunta esicindezela ngokuqondile nokulawula ukujiya kodonga. Ukugcinwa kwayo nokuhlelwa kokukhipha kunikeza ingxoxo yengxenye isakhiwo esihlukile.
| Into | I-KGB5L | I-KGB100B | Yini umehluko oshintshayo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-architecture eshicilelwe | I-extrusion yesiteshi esisodwa | I-Accumulator-head extrusion | Ubudlelwano bekhanda kanye nomjikelezo |
| I-screw diameter eshicilelwe | 60 mm | 100 mm | Izinkomba ezihlukene ze-extruder; ububanzi akuyona incazelo ephelele yengxenye |
| Ukuhlelwa kwesikhunta esishicilelwe | Ukushintsha isikhunta esihumushayo | Ukuhlelwa okugxilile kokuvula/ukuvala okuchazwe ekhasini | Khomba i-clamp efanele kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokunyakaza |
| Ukushintshwa kobunikazi | Sebenzisa amadokhumenti alo mshini njengoba akhelwe | Sebenzisa amadokhumenti alo mshini njengoba akhelwe | Akukho ukushintshana okuvela egameni lengxenye okwabelwana ngayo |
Imithombo: amakhasi amabili omkhiqizo we-Kinggle axhunyiwe. Izincazelo zokucushwa namadayamitha ngezikulufu wulwazi lwekhathalogi, hhayi izilinganiso ezivela emshinini ofakiwe wekhasimende.
Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi kungani "isikulufu se-Kinggle," "i-valve ye-hydraulic" noma "isilawuli sodonga" siyincazelo ebanzi kakhulu ye-oda. Ngisho nangaphakathi komndeni womshini owodwa, inombolo ye-serial, izinguquko ezigunyaziwe kanye nodaba lwamanje lokubuyekezwa komhlangano. Idatha yekhasi lomkhiqizo ingathola inkundla, kodwa ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni sebhili yezinto ezakhiwe.
Ukuze uthenge, hlukanisa amarekhodi amathathu: lokho ikhathalogi echazayo, ukuthi i-oda lifakwe ini, nokuthi yini efakiwe manje. Ukuguqulwa kwakamuva kungenzeka kushintshe idrayivu, inzwa noma ithuluzi. Hlanganisa lawo marekhodi ngaphambi kokukhetha ozongena esikhundleni, ikakhulukazi uma ingxenye endala ingasafani nomdwebo wokuqala.
Ngesikhathi sophenyo lwesevisi, maka isistimu engaphansi ethintekile esithombeni sokubuka konke bese unamathisele ilebula yengxenye efundekayo ngokuhlukana. Xhumanisa zombili izithombe nenombolo yomkhiqizo womshini. Ukuvala ngaphandle komongo wokufaka kungafihla ukuthi into ingeye-extrusion drive, iphakheji ye-hydraulic noma i-axiliary.
Khomba ukumiselela okulungile ngaphambi koku-oda
Qala ngenkinga ephawuliwe kanye nobunikazi bengxenye, hhayi isiphetho sokuthi ingxenye yehlulekile. Izindonga ezingalingani, ukunyakaza kancane noma i-alamu yokushisa ingaba nezimbangela eziningana. Rekhoda imibandela futhi uqinisekise iphutha ngenqubo yokuxilonga egunyaziwe ngaphambi kokuthenga enye.
Ivuthela ukubumba amaphutha guidekuyasiza ekuhleleni izimpawu zomkhiqizo. Ngezikhathi zesevisi, sebenzisa i-uhlu lokuhlola ukulungiswa kokuvimbelaeceleni kwemanuwali yomshini ofakiwe. Ukubuka konke kwengxenye akufanele kunqume iminyaka eyodwa yokufaka esikhundleni sayo yonke inhlaka, umjikelezo wemisebenzi nendawo yokusebenza.
| Qopha | Faka | Kungani kubalulekile |
|---|---|---|
| Ubunikazi bomshini | Imodeli, inombolo ye-serial nesithombe sepuleti elihlonza | Ithola isakhiwo kanye namadokhumenti aso |
| Ubunikazi bomhlangano | Uhlelo, umdwebo womhlangano, inombolo yengxenye yokuqala kanye nokubuyekeza | Ihlukanisa ingxenye eyodwa ezintweni ezifanayo |
| Ulwazi lwedivayisi | Gcwalisa ikhodi yomkhiqizi nezilinganiso ezifundekayo | Ikhodi eyingxenye ingase yeqe umehluko wokucushwa |
| Ukuxhumana | Ukukhweza okufanelekile, i-shaft, uketshezi, indawo kagesi noma yesignali | Iqinisekisa okungaphezu kokufana okubonakalayo |
| Shintsha umlando | Ukushintshwa okugunyaziwe, ukuguqulwa kanye nezinguquko zesofthiwe | Ivumelanisa umdwebo wokuqala nomshini wamanje |
| Ubufakazi bephutha | I-alamu, isinyathelo somjikelezo, izilinganiso, amasampula amakiwe nezithombe eziphephile | Isiza ukuhlukanisa uphawu olubikiwe entweni ehlulekile |
Sebenzisa ukulandelana kokuhlonza okufushane, okulawulwayo
- Thola into kumdwebo womshini noma ohlwini lwezingxenye futhi urekhode ireferensi yomhlangano wayo.
- Thwebula ilebula ephelele nokufaka okuzungezile endaweni ephephile, evunyelwe.
- Qondanisa izixhumanisi zemishini, zikagesi neziwuketshezi ezifanele nezicaciso zomphakeli.
- Ukushintshwa kwedokhumenti noma ukubuyekezwa futhi uthole imvume yobuchwepheshe edingekayo ngaphambi kokufaka.
- Ngemva kokushintshwa okugunyaziwe, qinisekisa ukusethwa okudingekile, impendulo, imisebenzi yokuphepha kanye nomphumela womkhiqizo ngaphambi kokukhipha umkhiqizo.
Izigaba ezahlukene zezingxenye zidinga ubufakazi obuhlukene. Ihitha idinga imininingwane yayo ecacisiwe kagesi nokufaka. I-valve idinga umsebenzi wesifunda olungile kanye nokucushwa kwedivayisi. Ithuluzi lomshini lidinga umdwebo walo kanye nezindawo zokusebenzelana. Ukushintshwa kwesilawuli kudinga ukuhlolwa kwenguqulo nepharamitha. Isithombe singasekela lawa marekhodi kodwa asikwazi ukuthola zonke izimfuneko ezifihliwe.
Cela isiqinisekiso esibhaliwe sento ngqo ehlinzekiwe nanoma iyiphi enye into egunyaziwe. Londoloza ubunikazi obudala nobusha kurekhodi lesevisi. Lelo rekhodi liwusizo kakhulu ekuhlulekeni okulandelayo kunencazelo yokuthenga ethi "ingxenye eyodwa eyisipele yemishini yokubumba."
Ilebula engafundeki idinga ubufakazi obengeziwe, hhayi inombolo yengxenye eqageliwe. Sebenzisa indawo yokudweba, izithombe zokufaka kanye nerekhodi lomshini ukuze uxazulule ubunikazi. Ungakopishi ikhodi emshinini oseduze ngoba nje ingxenye yayo ibonakala ifana.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nezingxenye zomshini wokubumba
Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zomshini wokubumba?
Emshinini wokukhipha izinsimbi, amaqembu amakhulu awokuphakela nokukhipha, i-die head and tooling, i-parison control, isikhunta ne-clamp, ukufutha, ukupholisa, ukushayela nezilawuli, nokususwa komkhiqizo. Ukuhleleka okuqondile kuncike endaweni yesikhulumi nakuphrojekthi. Khomba inqubo kuqala, bese usebenzisa imibhalo yayo yomhlangano ukuze uhlukanise izisetshenziswa ezijwayelekile, izinketho ezikhethiwe kanye nezisiza ezihlukene.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwekhanda lokufa kanye nesikhunta sokushaywa?
Ikhanda lokufa liphatha i-polymer encibilikisiwe futhi lakha i-parison ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi layo lokuphuma. I-blow mold ivala lelo sonto futhi ichaze ingaphandle lomkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokwehla kwamandla emali. Ngakho-ke, umgodi wokubumba, ukufa noma ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kwekhanda kuyingxenye ye-oda ehlukile. Nikeza ireferensi yomhlangano esikhundleni sokuncika egameni elithi "isikhunta" kuphela.
Ingabe iphinikhodi igalelo kuyafana nokufa pin noma mandrel?
Cha. I-die pin noma i-mandrel ingeyethuluzi lokuncibilikisa futhi isiza ukuchaza indawo yokuphuma yonyaka. Iphinikhodi yethula umoya futhi ingase ibe nemisebenzi yokwenza intamo noma yokulinganisa kumklamo othile. Igama okwabelwana ngalo elithi "pin" alizenzi izingxenye zishintshana. Sebenzisa umdwebo wamathuluzi wangempela ukuhlonza noma iyiphi into.
Ingabe izingxenye ziyashintshana phakathi kwemishini ehlukene yokubumba igalelo?
Ungacabangi ukushintshashintsha egameni elivamile, ukubukeka okufanayo noma isilinganiso sesihloko esifanayo. Ikhodi yedivayisi ephelele, ukubuyekezwa kokuhlanganisa, ukukhwezwa, ukuxhumana nomsebenzi wokusebenza kufanele kufane. Izilawuli nazo zingancika kusofthiwe, ipharamitha nokuhambisana nempendulo. Noma iyiphi enye indlela kufanele igunyazelwe ukulungiselelwa okufakiwe kunokuba kuthathwe esithombeni sekhathalogi.
Yiluphi ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze uhlonze ingxenye eshintshayo?
Thumela imodeli yomshini kanye nenombolo ye-serial, inombolo yengxenye yokuqala, ireferensi yomdwebo womhlangano, buyekeza futhi sula izithombe zelebula. Faka phakathi ukuxhumana okufanelekile, ukuguqulwa okugunyaziwe kanye nephutha eliboniwe. Ngamadivaysi okulawula, gcina inguqulo namarekhodi okumisa nawo. Lokhu kuvumela uphenyo ukuhlonza into ethile esikhundleni sesigaba esibanzi sezingxenye.
Lungiselela uphenyo lwezingxenye ezithile
Ngomshini we-Kinggle, qala ngepuleti lomshini, ireferensi yokuhlanganisa kanye nelebula yengxenye efundekayo. Engeza irekhodi lenkinga nemidwebo efanele, bese uthumela iphakheji nge-Ikhasi lokuxhumana le-Kinggle. Ukuhlonza ingxenye efakiwe kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuqinisekisa ukushintshwa okulungile.
